English for Today by Ganiu Abisoye Bamgbose (Dr GAB)
BORN or BORNE?
He has ~born~ the pain for a while (nonstandard).
He has *borne* the pain for a while (standard).
Borne is the past participle of bear:
He bears the pain.
He bore the pain.
He has borne the pain.
It’s a ~water-born~ disease (nonstandard).
It’s a *water-borne* disease (standard).
-borne combines with nouns to form adjectives that describe the method or means by which something is carried or moved:
*Mosquito-borne* infection
*Rocket-borne* weapons
The ~Canadian-borne~ actor is back to Nigeria ( nonstandard).
The *Canadian-born* actor is back to Nigeria (standard).
I am a ~borne~ teacher (nonstandard).
I am a *born* teacher (standard).
The decision was ~borne out of~ the decrease in manpower (nonstandard).
The decision was *born out of* the decrease in man power (standard).
Note that the phrase “born out of” uses the word “born” although “borne out” can be used to mean “to confirm” when it is followed by the preposition “by”:
These stories ~were born by~ (confirmed by) reputable newspapers (nonstandard).
These stories *were borne by* (confirmed by) reputable newspapers (standard).
GAB
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